A to Z of MS Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a progressive condition that causes the bones to become thin and brittle, making them more prone to fractures. People with multiple sclerosis have been shown to have a lower bone density than those in the general population (known as osteopenia), which puts them at a higher risk of developing osteoporosis and bone fracture. Other factors that increase the risk of osteoporosis include problems with mobility and weight bearing, long-term exposure to corticosteroids (sometimes used to treat MS relapses), antidepressants or anxiolytics and age.

Osteoporosis is also associated with an inadequate intake of vitamin D and calcium. Vitamin D is manufactured by the skin on exposure to sunlight. However, heat sensitivity and living in the UK may mean that many people with MS do not get enough exposure to sunlight to gain their vitamin D in this way. Calcium is another vital mineral for building and maintaining healthy bones.

The risk of osteoporosis can be reduced by exercising or remaining active and eating a balanced diet with sufficient vitamin D and calcium.

Reference

Moen SM, et al.
Low bone mass in newly diagnosed multiple sclerosis and clinically isolated syndrome.
Neurology 2011;77:151-157.
abstract

Bazelier MT, et al.
Risk of fractures in patients with multiple sclerosis: A population-based cohort study.
Neurology 2012;78(24):1967-1973.
abstract

Bazelier MT, et al.
The risk of fracture in patients with multiple sclerosis: the UK general practice research database.
Journal of Bone & Mineral Research 2011;26(9):2271-2279.
read online

Gibson JC, Summers GD.
Bone health in multiple sclerosis.
Osteoporosis International 2011;22(12):2935-2949.
abstract

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