Drugs in development


Browse the tables to learn more about the drugs being developed for multiple sclerosis.

Relapsing remitting MS

Drug in development

Status

ATX-MS-1467 Phase II
Diroximel fumarate (ALKS 8700) Appraisal
Evobrutinib Phase III
Fenebrutinib Phase III
Ixazomib Phase I
Orelabrutinib Phase II
Remibrutinib Phase III
Tolebrutinib Phase III
Ublituximab Phase III
Vidofludimus calcium Phase III

Secondary progressive MS

Drug in development

Status

Cladribine (Mavenclad) Phase II
Ibudilast Phase II
Ixazomib Phase I
Masitinib Phase III
Simvastatin Phase III
Tolebrutinib Phase III
Vidofludimus calcium Phase II

Primary progressive MS

Drug in development

Status

Cladribine (Mavenclad) Phase II
Fenebrutinib Phase III
Ibudilast Phase II
Ixazomib Phase I
Masitinib Phase III
Ocrelizumab (Ocrevus) Phase III
Tolebrutinib Phase III
Vidofludimus calcium Phase II

Myelin repair or neuroprotection

Drug in development

Status

Clemastine Phase II
Ibudilast Phase II
Lipoic acid Phase II
Metformin Phase II
Temelimab Phase II

What does the drug development process involve?

The development of new drugs is a long and difficult process. Fewer than one or two compounds in 10,000 tested actually make it through to being licensed treatments with many being rejected because of safety, effectiveness or manufacturing problems. On average it will take 10-15 years for a new compound to get from the test-tube into the medicine cabinet.

Not all the treatments listed in these tables will receive a license or be approved for use in the NHS.

Drug development process

Phase I:
The first step in testing a new drug is to determine the safety of single doses in a small number of healthy volunteers.

Phase II:
If the treatment proves to be safe, studies begin to determine the effectiveness of the drug in people with the condition to be treated.

Phase III:
If a drug shows effectiveness, a larger study is conducted in hundreds of people.

Licensing:
Data from all of these three phases is presented to the regulatory authorities.

NHS appraisal:
Once a new medicine has been licensed, drugs may need to be appraised by NICE for England and Wales and SMC for Scotland.

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