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A to Z of MS Beta interferon

Interferons are proteins produced naturally by the human body. They are released by white blood cells to alter the immune system's response to infections.

There are three types of natural interferon: alpha, beta and gamma. Gamma interferon, which is released at the start of an immune response to infection, can induce MS symptoms. Beta interferon is known to block the action of gamma interferon. It is thought that beta interferon acts by reducing both inflammation and the body's autoimmune reaction that is responsible for the destruction of myelin.

There are three beta interferon drugs available:

  • Beta interferon 1a (Avonex)
  • Beta interferon 1a (Rebif)
  • Beta interferon 1b (Betaferon)

The term beta interferons is sometimes loosely applied to all four of the disease modifying drugs for MS, including glatiramer acetate (Copaxone). However, although glatiramer acetate has a similar effect, is not an interferon.

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